Animas 2020 User's Guide download pdf (Page 103)

Page 103

Glossary

alpha cells – Alpha cells are found in the pancreas. They produce a hormone called

glucagon, which raises blood glucose levels.

basal rate – The basal rate is the amount of insulin that is continuously delivered by an

insulin pump. It is measured in units per hour (U/hr). The basal rate usually provides about

40% to 60% of the daily total delivery of insulin.

beta cells – Beta cells are found in the pancreas. They produce insulin, which lowers blood

glucose levels. In Type 1 insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the beta cells are

destroyed, so the body can no longer produce insulin.

BG (blood glucose) levels – Blood glucose levels are the measure of how much glucose

(sugar) is in the blood. The normal level is about 80-110 mg/dL (4.5-6.0 mmol/L).

bolus – A bolus is the amount of insulin delivered at one time, usually before a meal or

when blood glucose is high.

cannula – A cannula is a small tube that is inserted into the body. Some infusion sets are

designed so that only the cannula remains in the body and the needle used for insertion

is removed.

dawn phenomenon – More insulin may be required in the early morning hours of normal

sleep to counteract the release of the hormones, cortisol and adrenaline. This increased need

for insulin is known as dawn phenomenon and may cause a person with diabetes to have a

high blood glucose level in the morning upon waking. Basal rate delivery by the Animas®

pump can be programmed to compensate for dawn phenomenon.

diabetes – Diabetes is a complex disease in which the body cannot maintain healthy

blood glucose levels because either enough insulin cannot be produced or the body cannot

appropriately use insulin. In Type 1 diabetes, the body no longer produces insulin and in

Type 2 diabetes the body cannot use insulin properly.

diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) – DKA results when there is not enough insulin available to

help glucose enter the cells where it is used for energy. The body in turn, burns muscle and

fat for energy. A waste product of fat burning is ketones. Ketones accumulate in the blood

and then pass through the urine and lungs. This condition can be identiﬁed by urine and/or

blood tests. DKA usually requires hospitalization and can be fatal if not promptly treated.

gastroparesis – Gastroparesis is a complication of diabetes that causes delayed digestion

resulting in unpredictable swings in blood glucose levels.

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Animas 2020 User's Guide Page 103